Treatment of Leukemia

With today's medical advances, acute leukemia treatment was able to get up, the results also showed a very good cure for the sufferer. Handling the symptoms of leukemia is no longer the main goal of treatment, but how to improve the patient's quality of life, prolong life, which is the focus of research. Currently, the treatment of leukemia include the following:

Transplantation of bone marrow

Bone marrow transplantation with high-dose chemotherapy may improve immunity and cleanse the tumor cells and abnormal cells from leukemia patients. Then from hematopoietic cells of the body's own or another person's body transplanted to leukemia patients, leukemia patients had returned to normal hematopoietic system and the recovery of immune function, in order to reach therapeutic goals. Leukemia bone marrow transplant is the most effective treatment, about 50 percent of leukemia patients who have undergone bone marrow transplantation, survival can take long-term.

Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy is a suitable treatment for patients with end-stage leukemia, is very useful to remove the cancer cells in the blood and bone marrow rebuilding to restore normal function of the hematopoietic system. This type of treatment is divided into chemistry: initial chemotherapy, further chemotherapy and intensive consolidation chemotherapy as a treatment in 4 phases. leukemia chemotherapy can effectively reduce symptoms and prolong survival, chemotherapy is also a necessary step prior to bone marrow transplantation.

The method combined east and west

Given the side effects of chemotherapy, which contain toxic and bad for the patient's body, then at an advanced stage leukemia, east and west combined method can greatly help the weak condition of the body which makes the patient easily tolerate the effects of chemotherapy. Chinese medicine is very useful for conservative treatment, has a direct role in improving the quality of life and prolong the survival of leukemia patients

Immunotherapy

Research and development of immunotherapies in recent years much progress, the process of immunization which is DC-CIK can immunize the patient with their own cells, increase endurance, eradicate the cancer cells in the blood, control the growth of cancer cells, inhibits recurrence or spread.

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The Diagnosis of Leukemia

The general method of diagnosis symptoms of leukemia

1. Blood tests: Blood is taken from the finger or ear lobe, to detect the number of erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets. Under normal circumstances, cells that have not formed (naive cells) should not come out in the blood vessels. In patients with leukemia, bone marrow sum people can not distinguish between naive cells passage and normal. So while in the blood test, blood cells can be seen in the results naïve.

2. Routine examination of bone marrow: If you suspect leukemia, bone marrow biopsy may be done. Under normal circumstances, naïve cells in bone marrow sum not exceeding 5%, whereas in those who suffer from leukemia, naïve cells increased to 30%. But in children with acute leukemia, naive cells can rise as high as 80-100%.

Bone marrow examination is the most effective way to diagnose leukemia. Actually leukemia diagnosis is easy, namely the calculation of naïve cells, and combined with clinical examination and a physical examination. But there berbagain kinds of leukemia, so the treatment was not always the same.

Therefore, the determination of which type of leukemia that affects so it is very important for further treatment.

3. Examination of immune genotyping: This inspection generally requires pumping approximately 2 ml of bone marrow, and by using a substance called 'monoclonal antibody reagents' to identify cancer cells.

4. Cytogenetic examination: This examination also requires pumping approximately 2 ml of bone marrow to understand the nature of cancer cells and chromosomes. Generally, the results of treatment of leukemia patients who have abnormalities of chromosome PH will not be as much as the patients with leukemia without chromosomal abnormalities PH

5. Cerebrospinal Fluid Examination: Examination of Cerebrospinal Fluid can show whether the brain and spinal cord (central nervous system) has been invaded by cancer cells. Medically, this type of leukemia called, "Central Nervous System Leukemia '.

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Symptoms of Leukemia

Many early-stage leukemia patients who do not feel the symptoms of leukemia. Therefore, many patients who have lost valuable time for treatment.

1. Symptoms of chronic leukemia

Chronic Leukemia, during the early usually do not show symptoms. Usually known at the time of patient medical examination or any sightings spenomegali (swelling of the spleen).

With the progression of the disease, symptoms such as fatigue, excessive sweating, sweating at night, feeling full after eating, drastic weight loss, metabolic hiperaktiviti, splenomegaly causing a bulge in the upper left abdomen began to appear.

At the time of the examination can be found from the color of the skin, pale lips, the most prominent splenomegaly (swelling of the spleen), bone abdomen feels depressed, the bleeding and bruising (usually painless) section out the eyes and head.

2. Symptoms of acute leukemia

a. Anemia: Hematopoietic bone marrow disorder, which causes a reduction in the production of red blood cells and hemoglobin. Which causes anemia, half of the patients usually experience severe anemia.

b. Fever: leukemia can cause fever. Reduced immune leukemia patients, so often suffer from infections that cause fever.

c. Bleeding: in patients with leukemia, vascular stasis and frequent infiltration, thrombocytopenia, blood clots, and infections. The body and the patient's skin can be excessive bleeding, sporais, purpura, ecchymoses or epistaxis, bleeding gums, bleeding retia, blurred vision, intracranial hemorrhage, coma and even death.

d. Failure of the gastrointestinal tract: Treatment of chemotherapy and radiotherapy can affect the digestive function.

e. Hyperuricemia: Treatment of chemotherapy, radiation and the application of corticosteroids can affect the kidneys, causing increased levels of uric acid, uric acid stone formation, oliguria, hyperuricemia, anuria.

3. Symptoms of Leukemia in children

Early symptoms of leukemia for children is a lethargy, pallor, fatigue, poor appetite, nosebleeds or bleeding gums, pain in bones / joints, fever, arthritis, etc..

a. Anemia: anemia symptoms are becoming increasingly severe. Symptoms such as facial pallor, weakness, dyspnea on exertion and tachycardia.

b. Fever: At the time of pain, often fever. Erratic fever. Generally, no chills. Not high fever, antibiotics are usually not effective to reduce fever. The presence of secondary infections (respiratory tract infection, urinary tract, etc.), usually a high fever.

c. Bleeding: Bleeding is caused by infiltration of cancerous blood cells, bone marrow megakaryocytes inhibited, decreased platelet production; Impaired liver function, less fibrinogen, prothrombin, and factors V generation; Increased capillary permeability. Generally the skin and mucous membrane bleeding, such as purpura, ecchymosis, epistaxis, gum bleeding, gastrointestinal bleeding and hematuria. Intracranial bleeding, is an important reason for the cause of death.

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Leukemia

Leukemia is a type of disorder of the hematopoietic stem cell system of creation which is also a disease that is quite fierce. Abnormalities of the ability to further differentiation and maturation of leukocytes stagnant at different stages of cell development in the bone marrow and other hematopoietic tissues. Figures accumulation of abnormal cells and the infiltration of other organs and tissue, and normal hematopoietic function suppression. Leukemia commonly cause anemia, bleeding infection, and symptoms of organ infiltration.

Leukemia or blood cancer occupy 2.5% of the total number of cancer there is. Around the world, every year there are about 47,150 people who are diagnosed as suffering from leukemia. And every year anyway, there are about 23,540 people who died of leukemia cases. In childhood cancer, usually leukemia risk will be high at the age of 0-4 years, and in men and women comparison rate is 7: 5.

Based on morphological characteristics and cell source, leukemia can be divided into the following categories:

1. Acute myeloid leukemia: a type of white blood cell proliferation of abnormal myeloid leukemia. Acute myeloid leukemia is characterized by the rapid proliferation of abnormal cells in the bone marrow and affect the growth of normal blood cells other.

2. Chronic myeloid leukemia: the clone disease in hematopoietic stem cell proliferation, which also has a proliferation of bone marrow, blood leukocytosis generally will multiply and have an enlarged spleen, symptoms of which is the main feature of chronic myeloid leukemia.

3. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia: is a disruption in lymphoblastoid cell hyperplasia and abnormalities in lymphoblastoid cell formation or differentiation of large numbers of mature white blood cells in the block, which is a leukemia that can develop rapidly.

4. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia: leukemia is a type of malignant tumor that affects lymphocytes, chronic lymphocytic leukemia characterized by a large number of immature lymphocytes cell aggregation, inhibit normal hematopoietic bone marrow.

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