How high is the case of throat cancer?
Throat cancer incidence of about 1 to 5% of systemic tumors in the field of ENT, second only to the nasopharynx and nasal cavity, sinuses cancer ranks third. Good age for 50 to 70 years is more common in men than women.
1. Smoking: tobacco combustion can produce carcinogenic substances, tobacco smoke and ciliary movement can be made to stop or slow down, congestion and mucosal edema, epithelial hyperplasia, thickening and squamous metaplasia, is carcinogenic
2. Excessive Alcohol: alcohol can stimulate long-term for the degeneration of the mucous membranes and cause cancer.
3. Chronic inflammation such as chronic laryngitis, or inflammation of the respiratory
4. Air pollution: harmful gas in the long-term inhalation of sulfur dioxide and dust production industry tends to cause throat cancer.
5. Viral infections: Virus allows cells to change the nature of the abnormal division, this virus is also attached to the uploaded genes to the next generation of cancer cells. 16,18 HPV-infection and viral type associated with throat cancer.
6. Precancerous changes: Throat benign keratoses and throat, such as throat cancer recurring.
7. Radiation: Carcinogenic when radiation therapy and neck tumors
8. Sexual Hormones: Research shows that throat cancer patients with estrogen receptor-positive cells was significantly higher.
Spread of Throat Cancer
1. Direct Diffusion: With an advanced stage of throat cancer often spreads to the infiltration of the submucosa
2. Lymph node metastases: site metastases are more common in the group of the common carotid artery bifurcation in the cervical lymph nodes, and then along the internal jugular vein to the bottom of the development of lymph nodes.
3. Vascular transfer: To follow the circulation of blood to the body is transferred to the lungs, liver, kidney, bone, pituitary.
Diagnosis of Throat cancer
1 Examination of the neck
2 laryngoscopy
3. imaging studies
(1) X-ray
(2) CT-Scan, MRI
(3) ultrasound
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