Diagnosis of Breast Cancer

Diagnostic Methods of Breast Cancer

1. USG: USG can be a clear understanding of the condition of the breast glandular tissue, presence or absence of a lump, the size, shape and nature (cystic or solid) for a more precise identification. The accuracy of ultrasound for diagnosis of breast cancer by age 30 years is 80-85%. Cancer infiltrating the surrounding tissue and form the echogenic band, normal breast structures will be damaged. Will be symptoms such as thickening of the skin over the lump or hollowed, this becomes an important index of breast cancer diagnosis. Ultrasound is harmless, it can be applied repeatedly.

2. Thermal Image Inspection: application of pictures showing the surface temperature distribution due to the rapid breeding of cancer cells, blood vessels also increased, and an increase in surface temperature bump, the corresponding mean surface temperature is higher than the surrounding tissue, this difference can be used as a diagnosis. But how such a diagnosis is less standard, thermal anomalies and tumors are not suitable, low-level diagnostics match, so the last few years is rarely applied.

3. CT Scan: Can be used on the position of the mammary gland lesions before biopsy section can not be touched, confirm the diagnosis of breast cancer before surgery, breast examination zone, presence or absence of axillary and internal swelling of the lymph nodes in milk, helps determine the treatment plan.

4. Tumor markers are checked: In the process of carcinogenesis, is produced by tumor cells, secretion, immediately release the tissue composition of cells and antigen, enzyme, hormone or metabolite form in the presence of tumor cells or in body fluids. Such substances are called tumor markers. Method of examination consists of: carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), ferritin, monoclonal antibodies, etc..

5. Biopsy: Breast cancer diagnosis must be established before starting treatment. Although now many methods of examination, but until now only a biopsy pathology results become the sole basis for determining the diagnosis. Some kind of biopsy is

a. Needle biopsy : in this way is simple, fast, safe to replace the tissue incision clots, high positive rates between 80-90%, but it can also be used for anti-cancer screening. If the clinical diagnosis was malignant and benign or suspicious cytology report, must perform a surgical biopsy to confirm the diagnosis.

b. Incision biopsy: because this method can easily lead to the proliferation of carcinoid tumors, this method is generally not recommended. This method is only applicable to advanced cancer to determine the type of pathology.

c. Excision biopsy: the removal of tumors in certain tissues surrounding and suspected malignant tumor. Generally minimal tumor resected from the edge of about 1cm.

How to self-diagnose breast cancer ?
1. Examination when shower
When the shower, lathered chest advance to facilitate the examination. During the examination, one hand behind his head, straightened one finger and move your fingers in a circular motion, carefully all the breast area, see if there are lumps, use this procedure to examine one side again.

2. Examination in front of the mirror
Standing in front of the mirror, her hands stretched down, look from the outside whether or not the normal breast, there is not hollow nipple and skin shrinkage, symptoms of swelling, gently pinching the nipple to determine whether there is secretion. Check under the armpits, presence or absence of swollen lymph nodes. Finally, do many times with both hands held high over your head.